In assembly seating areas, guards at the end of aisles – where they terminate at a fascia of boxes, balconies, and galleries – shall have balusters or ornamental patterns such that a 4″ sphere cannot pass through any opening up to a height of 26″. In areas which are not open to the public within occupancies in Group I-3, F, H or S, balusters, horizontal intermediate rails or other construction shall not permit a sphere with a diameter of 21″ to pass through any opening. Exceptions: 21″ sphere for an elevated walk for electrical, mechanical and plumbing systems and Group I-3, F, H, or S occupancies, balusters, horizontal intermediate rails or other construction. 6″ sphere - at triangle formed by riser, tread and bottom rail. 4″ sphere - general - to a height of 34″. Openings for required guards on the sides of stair treads shall not allow a sphere 43/8″ to pass through. Exceptions: The triangular openings formed by the riser, tread and bottom rail of a guard at the open side of a stairway are permitted to be of such a size that a sphere 6 inches (152 mm) cannot pass through. Required guards on open sides of stairways, raised floor areas, balconies and porches shall have intermediate rails or ornamental closures which do not allow passage of a sphere 4″ or more in diameter. 6″ sphere - at the triangle formed by riser, tread and bottom rail. 4-3/8″ sphere for openings on the sides of stair treads. On monumental stairs, handrails shall be located along the most direct path of egress travel. Intermediate handrails are required so that all portions of the stairway width required for egress capacity are within 30 inches of a handrail. All portions of the stairway width required for egress capacity are within 30 inches (762mm) of a handrail. Height Requirements (of Guards) For Balconies, Galleries & Bleachers IBC 2000 (6) In assembly seating where guards in accordance with Section 1025.14 are permitted and provided. The height in assembly areas shall be in accordance with Section 508.12. In those applications, where the top rail also serves as a handrail, it shall have a height of not less than 34″ and not more than 38″ above stair nosing. 42″ minimum except in Group R-3, and within individual dwelling units of Group R-2. 34″ minimum on the open side of stairs. 36″ minimum on porches, balconies, raised floor surfaces. Height Requirements, Minimum for Guardrails IRC (5) 
Measurement for the 30″ drop is to be taken at any point within 36″ from the edge of the open surface.30″ above floor or grade below along glazed sides of stairways, ramps, and landings where the glazing provided does not meet the code’s strength and attachment requirements.30″ above floor or grade below on open-sided walking surfaces, mezzanines, industrial equipment platforms, stairways, ramps and landings.
On open sides of stairs with a total riser of more than 30″ above the floor or grade below. 
30″ above floor or grade below on open-sided walking surfaces. The main purpose of building codes are to protect public health, safety and general welfare as they relate to the construction and occupancy of buildings and structures. The codes themselves are generally not legally binding. 
Building codes specify minimum standards for the construction of buildings and structures.
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